.htaccess tips alle webmastere bør vite om

Apache's .htaccess (hypertext access) konfigurasjonsfil er et kraftig verktøy som bør utnyttes for å optimalisere søkemotoroptimaliseringen. Før jeg går videre må jeg bare presisere at misbruk av .htaccess filen vil ødelegge ytelsen til nettstedet ditt. Du bør bare bruke .htaccess filen når du ikke har andre alternativer for å oppnå det du ønsker. Husk å ta en backup av din gjeldende .htaccess fil før du gjør noen endringer. 1. Unngå Hotlinking Er du leie av at andre bruker din båndgredde gjennom å legge ut bilder som fysisk ligger lagret på din server på sine egne sider? Legg til følgende kode i din .htaccess fil for å unngå hotlinking. 1 Options +FollowSymlinks 2 #Protect against hotlinking 3 RewriteEngine On 4 RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^$ 5 RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http://(www.)?domainname.com/ 6 RewriteRule .*.(gif|jpg|png)$ NOTE: For nærmere informasjon les dene artikkelen: Link building secrets by Maurizio Petrone 2. Blokker alle forespørsler fra enkelte User Agents Det er mulig å blokkere alle uønskede user agents som potensielt kan være skadelige eller for å holde server load så lav som mulig. Legg til følgende: 01 #Block bad bots 02 SetEnvIfNoCase user-Agent ^FrontPage 03 SetEnvIfNoCase user-Agent ^Java.* 04 SetEnvIfNoCase user-Agent ^Microsoft.URL 05 SetEnvIfNoCase user-Agent ^MSFrontPage 06 SetEnvIfNoCase user-Agent ^Offline.Explorer 07 SetEnvIfNoCase user-Agent ^ebandit 08 SetEnvIfNoCase user-Agent ^Zeus 09 10 Order Allow,Deny 11 Allow from all 12 Deny from envbad_bot 13 3. Redirect alle unntatt spesikke IPer Hvis du av en grunn skulle ønske å blokkere alle eller bare tillate spesifikke IP adresser til å få tilgang til nettsidene dine, er det bare å legge til følgende kode i din .htaccess file: ErrorDocument 403 http://www.domainname.com Order deny,allow Deny from all Allow from 124.34.48.165 Allow from 102.54.68.123 4. SEO vennlig 301 Redirects Hvis du ønsker å redirecte et domenenavn til et annet domenenavn på en søkemotorvennlig måte legger du inn følgende kode i .htaccess filen: Redirect 301 /d/file.html 5. Lag en engenutviklet Error Page Bytt ut din default 404 error page med å lage en referanse som dette: ErrorDocument 401 /error/401.php ErrorDocument 403 /error/403.php ErrorDocument 404 /error/404.php ErrorDocument 500 /error/500.php 6. Steng ute uønskede IP-adresser Steng ute hackere og andre uønskede indivder hvis du kjenner deres IP-adresse ved å legge til følgende kode i din .htaccess file: allow from all deny from 145.186.14.122 deny from 124.15 7. Set Default E-post adresse for Server Admin Bruk følgende kode for å spesifisere den default e-post adressen server's admin. ServerSignature EMail SetEnv SERVER_ADMIN default@domain.com 8. Fjern visning av Download forespørsel Normalt vil du bli promptet når du ønsker å laste ned noe fra en nettside med en forespørsel om du ønsker å åpne filen eller lagre den på din harddisk. Dette kan du unngå ved å legge til følgende kode: AddType application/octet-stream .pdf AddType application/octet-stream .zip AddType application/octet-stream .mov 9. Beskytt en spesifikk fil Følgende kode gjør det mulig for deg å nekte tilgang til hvilken som helst fil du ikke ønsker at noen skal få tilgang til. De som prøver å åpne filen fil få en 403 error. I det følgende eksemplet har jeg prøvd å beskytte .htaccess filen med å legge til et ekstra nivå med sikkerhet. #Protect the .htaccess File order allow,deny deny from all 10. Komprimer komponenter med mod_deflate Som et alternativ til komprimering av filer med bruk av Gzip, kan du bruke mod_deflate(som skal være raskere). Putt følgende kode i toppen av din .htaccess file(tips: du kan også legge til .jpg|.gif|.png|.tiff|.ico mod_deflate those): SetOutputFilter DEFLATE 11. Legg til utløpsdato i headeren Benytt følgende kode for å legge til en utløpsdato i headeren. Header set Expires "Wed, 21 May 2010 20:00:00 GMT" 12. Sett opp Default Page Benytt følgende kode hvis du ønsker å bytte ut din standard åpningsside - index.html, default.htm e.l. varianter med hvilken som helst annen side: #Serve Alternate Default Index Page DirectoryIndex about.html 13. Passord beskytt en mappe eller fil Benytt følgende kode for å passord besknytte en mappe eller fil på webhotellet ditt: #password-protect a file AuthType Basic AuthName "Prompt" AuthUserFile /home/path/.htpasswd Require valid-user # password-protect a directory resides AuthType basic AuthName "This directory is protected" AuthUserFile /home/path/.htpasswd AuthGroupFile /dev/null Require valid-user 14. Redirect et gammelt domene til et nytt domene Bruk denne koden i din .htaccess fil for å redirecte et gammelt domenenavn til et nytt domenenavn. Det koden gjør er å remappe det gamle domene til det nye. #Redirect from an old domain to a new domain RewriteEngine On RewriteRule ^(.*)$ 15. Force Caching The following code will not directly increase the loading speed of your website. What it will do is, load the content of your site faster when the same user revisits your website by sending 304 status when requested components have not been modified. You can change the cache expiry by changing the number of seconds(it's currently set at 1 day). view source print? 1 FileETag MTime Size 2 ExpiresActive on 3 ExpiresDefault "access plus 86400 seconds" 16. Compress Components By Enabling Gzip By making use of Gzip you can compress files in order to make your website load faster. view source print? 1 AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/html text/plain text/xml application/xml application/xhtml+xml text/javascript text/css application/x-javascript 2 BrowserMatch ^Mozilla/4 gzip-only-text/html 3 BrowserMatch ^Mozilla/4.0 no-gzip 4 5 BrowserMatch bMSIE !no-gzip !gzip-only-text/html 17. Remove "category" from a URL To transform this url: http://yourdomain.com/category/blue to -> http://yourdomain.com/blue, just add the following code at the bottom of your .htaccess file. view source print? 1 RewriteRule ^category/(.+)$ http://www.yourdomain.com/$1 18. Disable Directory Browsing To prevent people from accessing any directories that might contain valueble information or reveal security weaknesses(e.g. plugin directories of wordpress), add the following code to your .htacess file: view source print? 1 Options All -Indexes 19. Redirect WordPress Feeds to FeedBurner The following snippet redirects WordPress' default RSS feed feedburner's feed. view source print? 1 #Redirect wordpress content feeds to feedburner 2 3 RewriteEngine on 4 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} !FeedBurner 5 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} !FeedValidator 6 RewriteRule ^feed/?(+)?/?$ http://feeds.feedburner.com/yourfeed 7 20. Deny Comments from No Referrer Requests The problem is that bots just post comments about how to increase your private parts all naturally to your blogs without coming from any other site. It's like they fall from the sky. This neat hack prevents people from posting if they did not come from somewhere else(they can comment just fine if they came from e.g. google). view source print? 1 RewriteEngine On 2 RewriteCond %{REQUEST_METHOD} POST 3 RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} .wp-comments-post\.php* 4 RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !.*yourblog.com.* 5 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^$ 6 RewriteRule (.*) ^http://%{REMOTE_ADDR}/$ Source: How to: Deny comment posting to no referrer requests 21. Remove File Extension From URL Thanks to Kartlos Tchavelachvili for this one. What the following code does is, it removes the .php extension(you can change it to whatever you like e.g. html) in a url. It makes the URL prettier & SEO friendlier. view source print? 1 RewriteRule ^((+/)*+)$ /$1.php 22. Remove www from URL Thanks to Mahalie for the following 2 .htaccess codes. If you wish to take out the www from your website's URL and transform it from http://www.example.com into http://example.com, add the following to your .htaccess. view source print? 1 #remove www from URI 2 RewriteEngine On 3 RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^www\.domain\.com$ 4 RewriteRule ^(.*)$ http://domain.com/$1 23. Add Trailing Slash to URL Some search engines remove the trailing slash from urls that look like directories - e.g. Yahoo does it. But - it could result into duplicated content problems when the same page content is accessible under different urls. The following code makes sure there's a slash at the end of your URL: view source print? 1 #trailing slash enforcement 2 RewriteBase / 3 RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f 4 RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !# 5 RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !(.*)/$ 6 RewriteRule ^(.*)$ http://domain.com/$1/ 24. Remove the www. from your website's URL Below I've provided a simple htaccess snippet to forcefully remove the "www" from your website's URL. view source print? 1 # Redirect if www.yourdomain.com to yourdomain.com 2 RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^www\.example\.com 3 RewriteRule (.*) http://example.com/$1

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Apache’s .htaccess (hypertext access) konfigurasjonsfil er et kraftig verktøy som bør utnyttes for å optimalisere søkemotoroptimaliseringen.

1. Unngå Hotlinking

2. Blokker alle forespørsler fra enkelte User Agents